Okay, for "formação de professores" you could use the following ones (I am offering just some, not all terms, it depends on context):

Formação de professores - teacher certification/qualification/training/education.

I would favor the idea of teacher formation as the "formation" in the long term, in the short run training (for example would be more proper, my thinking here).

It would be more about character, style, day-to-day responsilibities, etc (my thinking again), many Brazilian abstracts favor the word, you know, it have a Latin sound, so it´s easier to put it there.

Formação continuada: how about "continous in-school training/continued education/continuous training (of Education Professionals in the given case)

http://www.linguee.com.br/portugues-ingles/search?source=auto&query=FORMA%C7%C3O+CONTINUADA