There is in meaning, you can translate into "escola" but it means "as instalações da escola/o prédio da escola."

     http://www.websters-dictionary-online.com/definitions/schoolhouse?cx=partner-pub-0939450753529744%3Av0qd01-tdlq&cof=FORID%3A9&ie=UTF-8&q=schoolhouse&sa=Search#922

   Brazilian Portuguese: prédio escolar.
   Portuguese: prédio escolar, prédio de colégio.
   Italian: scuola, edificio scolastico.
   Spanish: escuela, colegio.
   1. A building where young people receive education.[Wordnet]

   Roget Thesaurus (in print format):

   Schoolhouse - school building, classroom building, hall, campus.

   In this case, it seems clear that may be translated into "prédio escolar", English can be surprising... It comes in several colourful and different ways!